![]() ![]() Gold causes minimal inflammation or allergic reactions, and has been proven to be safe when in contact with organs (such as skin) and tissues (such as oral mucosa) 7, 8. Especially, a characteristic of gold in biomedical applications is its biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity, making it highly suitable for in vitro and in vivo applications. Electrical stimulation can be delivered through conductive materials such as polypyrrole, polyaniline, and gold which then induce electrophysiological changes at the cell membrane 5, 6. More importantly, electrical stimulation has been found to enhance functional recovery after nerve injury or surgical repair and promote the speed and accuracy of motor axonal regeneration 3, 4.Įlectroactive materials have been used in neural tissue to interface with neurons and promote tissue regeneration. Electrical stimulation is known to influence numerous biological processes such as angiogenesis, cell division, cell signaling, and nerve sprouting 2. ![]() The electrophysiological properties of cells and their surrounding tissue in general underlie many functions in living organisms 1. The neural stimulation patch shows great potential for wireless electromagnetic stimulation for non-invasive neurological therapeutics advancement. Electromagnetically (60 mV, 40 kHz, 2 h/day, 5 days) stimulated PC12 cells showed 73.2% increased neurite outgrowth compared to PC12 cells grown without electromagnetic stimulation. The biocompatibility and the capacity of the patch to deliver electromagnetic stimulation and promote neurite outgrowth was confirmed in vitro. The melt electrowritten biocompatible, bioresorbable polycaprolactone anisotropic structure with glancing angle deposition of 80 nm gold directly endowed incorporation of a wireless energy harvesting component in the patch, as an electromagnetic stimulation delivery system directly interfacing with neural cells. Here, a wireless electromagnetic neural stimulation patch was created, combining stimulation through electromagnetic induction with physical guidance cues through structural anisotropy. Bioelectricity is a quintessential characteristic of neural tissue and has a crucial role in physiological and neurological therapeutics development. The human body is limited in healing neurological damage caused by diseases or traumatic injuries. ![]()
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